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Allergies, taken together, are the result of a hypersensitive response of the immune system against foreign agents, allergens, which can be represented by very different substances: pollen, dust, spores, mold, but also certain types of food, some materials, mites and other insects. Depending on whether the allergen is ingested, inhaled or there is direct contact, the allergy manifests itself in different ways. In particular, from pollen allergies affect the respiratory and characterized by a certain seasonal and anniversary this year, as determined by the cycle of plants that produce and put into different pollen types, large quantities of which come in the airways. Normally, this event has no consequences, while in people allergic to the pollen and release of their ‘migration’ cause allergic rhinitis, commonly called Hay fever, and in serious cases can lead to real attacks’ s asthma.

Symptoms

The reaction causes inflammation of the mucous membranes of the cable and oro-nasal forms of conjunctivitis. Symptoms include: congestion and dripping nose, itchy and tearing eyes, inflammation of mucous membranes, cough continues. But can occur even heavier symptoms characteristic of asthma as those with serious breathing difficulties. In some rare cases, the reaction is likely to induce an anaphylactic shock, with the possibility of loss of consciousness and risk of death. Although in most cases, allergies do not give rise to serious consequences, affecting heavily on the health of the population because affect millions of people throughout the world and make a substantial impact on the ability to work, learning and performance of daily tasks and hence the quality of life of persons with significant health and social costs.

The factors that determine the allergic response

The allergic reaction is a complex response determined from the interaction of several factors, genetic, environmental and immune. Exposure to certain types of pollen, the allergic person, induces the body to produce antibodies, the immunogluline E (IgE). Several types of pollen induce different IgE. The IgE produced bind to the surface of a certain type of cells in the mucous membranes and skin tissue in the case of the respiratory system, leading in turn to the issue of irritants, such as hystamines that inflame the skin tissues and mucous membranes.

There is a certain degree of familiarity in the propensity of an individual to become allergic, even if that familiarity has not been proven in relation to the type of allergen.Permanence in environments rich in pollen ol’abbassamento immunity, after an illness or a debilitating period, but may contribute to the development of allergies in individuals who are predisposed.

Prevention and treatment

The best fight against allergies is to try to avoid contact with the allergenic substance. If this is easier for other factors allergenic, as far as the pollen is far more complicated because it means not to remain outdoors during the migration, close windows and use filters and air conditioning systems. The symptoms can be alleviated with drugs bench, decongestants, antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids. In case of more serious allergies, whose symptoms persist for longer time periods and with more effects, you can make an immunotherapy with multiple injections of a diluted allergen concentrations increasing, so that the body gets used to his presence and reduce the immune response that triggers the allergy.