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An antihistamine is a drug of different chemical nature that has the effect of countering the action of ‘histamine, one of the main leaders of Allergy.

H 1 Antihistamines

The first, acting on H 1 receptors, causing:

* vasodilatation of the smooth muscle of the bronchi;
* decreased capillary permeability and the formation of edema and ponfi;
* central nervous system depression, in particular ‘ethanolamine.

They are used in the treatment of various reactions of immediate type hypersensitivity (allergies) such as:

* rinite ; rhinitis;
* orticaria ; urticaria;
* congiuntivite . conjunctivitis.
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The neurodermatitis (or atopic eczema, atopic dermatitis; obsolete Prurigo Besnier) is an eczema chronic or chronic-repeated, determined by several factors:

1. immunological:
* allergic reactions
* other immunological disorders
2. not immunological:
* psychological disorders and Neurovegetativo
* lipid metabolism disorders of the skin
* secondary bacterial infections of dermal regions eczematosi
* irritation caused by clothes, detergent and other substances
* cool, dry climate
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Asthma is the clinical syndrome characterized by generalized reduction, variable and reversible] of size of the bronchi, with crises of paroxysmal dyspnea, expiratory rales and sibilant.

Paroxysmal dyspnea is the consequence of three factors, which induce bronhostenoza: bronchial mucosal edema, hypersecretion and spasm. The first two components are fixed, the last is labile.

Pathological anatomy reveals terminal bronchi blocked by mucus cells and smooth muscles calciforme many hypertrophied.

Symptoms
The crisis usually occurs in the second half of the night, often violently, with dyspnea and restlessness, itching and hypersecretion;sometimes it is announced by sneezing, tearing, itching of the eyelids, headache.

Dyspnea becomes paroxysmal , with prolonged expiration and wheezing.

The patient remains in bed or is running to the window for air hunger prey. Usually stay seated with his head back and leaning on hands, eyes injected, nostrils dilated and with jugular turgid.

Evolution is long, variable and capricious. Pure form occurs in children and tends to decrease at puberty.

Asthma responds to a wide range of preparations and procedures. The general treatment has been exposed to chronic bronchitis. In this disease, preventive measures are very important. The first action aimed at combating smoking and smoke cigarette inhalation . Another measure is avoiding polluted atmosphere, including respiratory exposure to hazardous emissions.Particular sensitivity of patients to infection, should also avoid respiratory and virozelor first, traffic congestion during epidemics.

Allergy is a alter of the unsusceptible system also named as atopy. Hypersensitized reactions take place because of environmental substances acknowledged as allergens. These reactions are acquired, inevitable and fast.

It is defined by unreasonable activation of reliable bool cells titled mast cells and basophils by a type of antibody noted as IgE, turned out in an intense inflammatory reaction.

Ordinary allergic reactions regard eruption, hives, hay fever, asthma, nutrient allergies, and reactions to the neurotoxin of pain insects much as wasps and bees.
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